A promiscuous cytochrome P450 aromatic O-demethylase for lignin bioconversion

S.J.B. Mallinson, Melodie M Machovina, Rodrigo L. Silveira, M. Garcia‐Borràs, N. Gallup, Christopher W Johnson, M. Allen, M. Skaf, M. Crowley, E. Neidle, K. Houk, G. Beckham, J. DuBois, J. McGeehan

Nature Communications, 2018

Microbial aromatic catabolism offers a promising approach to convert lignin, a vast source of renewable carbon, into useful products. Aryl-O-demethylation is an essential biochemical reaction to ultimately catabolize coniferyl and sinapyl lignin-derived aromatic compounds, and is often a key bottleneck for both native and engineered bioconversion pathways. Here, we report the comprehensive characterization of a promiscuous P450 aryl-O-demethylase, consisting of a cytochrome P450 protein from the family CYP255A (GcoA) and a three-domain reductase (GcoB) that together represent a new two-component P450 class. Though originally described as converting guaiacol to catechol, we show that this system efficiently demethylates both guaiacol and an unexpectedly wide variety of lignin-relevant monomers. Structural, biochemical, and computational studies of this novel two-component system elucidate the mechanism of its broad substrate specificity, presenting it as a new tool for a critical step in biological lignin conversion.Catabolizing lignin-derived aromatic compounds requires an aryl-O-demethylation step. Here the authors present the structures of GcoA and GcoB, a cytochrome P450-reductase pair that catalyzes aryl-O-demethylations and show that GcoA displays broad substrate specificity, which is of interest for biotechnology applications.

Cited by 50 publications.

Field of study: Chemistry

10.1038/s41467-018-04878-2